Table of Contents
- 1. Install packages for building kernel
- 2. Download kernel src.rpm
- 3. Change kernel version
- 4. Change kernel configuration
- 5. Change kernel source code
- 6. Build kernel
- 7. Execution result
1 Install packages for building kernel
Install packages for building kernel with yum.
$ sudo yum-builddep -y kernel$ sudo yum install -y pesign
2 Download kernel src.rpm
Download kernel src.rpm.
$ yumdownloader –source kernel$ rpm -i kernel-*.src.rpm$ cd rpmbuild
3 Change kernel version
Define buildid variable in spec file. The buildid variable change not only rpm file name but also kernel file name.
$ diff -uprN SPECS/kernel.spec{.org,}— SPECS/kernel.spec.org 2016-05-28 05:09:48.825520275 +0900+++ SPECS/kernel.spec 2016-05-28 05:10:13.376316809 +0900@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ Summary: The Linux kernel-# % define buildid .local+%define buildid .local # For a kernel released for public testing, released_kernel should be 1. # For internal testing builds during development, it should be 0.
4 Change kernel configuration
Run “rpmbuild -bp” for extracting source tree and applying patches. Configuration file needs CPU architecture at the top of file.
$ rpmbuild -bp SPECS/kernel.spec$ cd BUILD/kernel-*$ make menuconfig # Change config$ echo “# x86_64” > ~/kernel-*-x86_64.config$ cat .config >> ~/rpmbuild/SOURCES/kernel-*-x86_64.config
This article will disable CONFIG_RELOCATABLE.
$ diff -uprN SOURCES/kernel-3.10.0-x86_64.config{.org,}— SOURCES/kernel-3.10.0-x86_64.config.org 2016-05-29 04:27:16.779380876 +0900+++ SOURCES/kernel-3.10.0-x86_64.config 2016-05-29 05:10:24.144476432 +0900@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ # x86_64 # # Automatically generated file; DO NOT EDIT.-# Linux/x86_64 3.10.0 Kernel Configuration+# Linux/x86 3.10.0 Kernel Configuration # CONFIG_64BIT=y CONFIG_X86_64=y@@ -527,7 +527,7 @@ CONFIG_KEXEC_BZIMAGE_VERIFY_SIG=y CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP=y CONFIG_KEXEC_JUMP=y CONFIG_PHYSICAL_START=0x1000000-CONFIG_RELOCATABLE=y+# CONFIG_RELOCATABLE is not set CONFIG_PHYSICAL_ALIGN=0x1000000 CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU=y CONFIG_BOOTPARAM_HOTPLUG_CPU0=y
5 Change kernel source code
Run “rpmbuild -bp” for extracting source tree and applying patches. Copy kernel tree for creating a patch file.
$ rpmbuild -bp SPECS/kernel.spec$ cd BUILD/kernel-*$ cp -a linux-3.10.0-327.22.2.el7.local.x86_64{,.org}# Change linux-3.10.0-327.22.2.el7.local.x86_64# diff -uprN linux-3.10.0-327.22.2.el7.local.x86_64{.org,}
This article will change kernel code which prints “Hello, World” before mounting RAM disk.
$ cat SOURCES/hello.patchdiff -uprN linux-3.10.0-327.18.2.el7.local.x86_64.org/init/main.c linux-3.10.0-327.18.2.el7.local.x86_64/init/main.c— linux-3.10.0-327.18.2.el7.local.x86_64.org/init/main.c 2016-04-08 17:33:21.000000000 +0900+++ linux-3.10.0-327.18.2.el7.local.x86_64/init/main.c 2016-05-27 15:46:43.271577474 +0900@@ -892,6 +892,8 @@ static int __ref kernel_init(void *unuse flush_delayed_fput();+ printk(“Hello, Worldn”);+ if (ramdisk_execute_command) { if (!run_init_process(ramdisk_execute_command)) return 0;
Add entry of the patch file which named “hello.patch” to spec file.
$ diff -uprN SPECS/kernel.spec{.org,}— SPECS/kernel.spec.org 2016-05-28 06:11:02.452648537 +0900+++ SPECS/kernel.spec 2016-05-28 06:09:39.284293579 +0900@@ -380,6 +380,7 @@ Patch999999: linux-kernel-test.patch Patch1000: debrand-single-cpu.patch Patch1001: debrand-rh_taint.patch Patch1002: debrand-rh-i686-cpu.patch+Patch2000: hello.patch BuildRoot: %{_tmppath}/kernel-%{KVRA}-root@@ -691,6 +692,7 @@ ApplyOptionalPatch linux-kernel-test.pat ApplyOptionalPatch debrand-single-cpu.patch ApplyOptionalPatch debrand-rh_taint.patch ApplyOptionalPatch debrand-rh-i686-cpu.patch+ApplyOptionalPatch hello.patch # Any further pre-build tree manipulations happen here.
6 Build kernel
Reduce build time with using –without option. It takes 3 hours without –without option and 1 hour without –with option.
$ rpmbuild -ba –without debug –without doc –without perf –without tools –without debuginfo –without kdump –without bootwrapper SPECS/kernel.spec $ ls RPMS/x86_64/kernel-3.10.0-327.18.2.el7.local.x86_64.rpmkernel-devel-3.10.0-327.18.2.el7.local.x86_64.rpmkernel-headers-3.10.0-327.18.2.el7.local.x86_64.rpm
7 Execution result
Kernel prints “Hello, World”.
[ 0.719104] rtc_cmos 00:00: setting system clock to 2016-05-2814:58:30 UTC (1464447510)[ 0.719567] Freeing unused kernel memory: 1620k freed[ 0.719722] Hello, World[ 0.721348] systemd[1]: systemd 219 running in system mode. (+PAM+AUDIT +SELINUX +IMA -APPARMOR +SMACK +SYSVINIT +UTMP +LIBCRYPTSETUP+GCRYPT +GNUTLS +ACL +XZ -LZ4 -SECCOMP +BLKID +ELFUTILS +KMOD +IDN)[ 0.721362] systemd[1]: Detected virtualization kvm.
Kernel version has a prefix fo “.local”.
$ uname -r3.10.0-327.18.2.el7.local.x86_64
CONFIG_RELOCATABLE is disabled in configration file.
$ grep -nr “CONFIG_RELOCATABLE” /boot/config-3.10.0-327.18.2.el7.local.x86_64529:# CONFIG_RELOCATABLE is not set